What does Article 3 of the Constitution establish?

Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the government. This article outlines the structure and authority of the federal judiciary, including the Supreme Court and other lower courts that Congress may establish. It describes the jurisdiction and powers of these courts in interpreting laws and administering justice.

Furthermore, Article 3 also provides details on how judges are appointed, their terms of service, and the grounds for impeaching judges. By establishing an independent judiciary, Article 3 plays a critical role in maintaining the system of checks and balances that is fundamental to the U.S. government, ensuring that the judiciary can operate free from influence by the other branches.