What principle allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the others?

The principle that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the others is known as Checks and Balances. This system is crucial in maintaining a balance of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. By having each branch possess certain powers that can influence or restrict the actions of the others, the potential for any one branch to become too powerful is minimized.

For instance, the legislative branch has the power to create laws, but the executive branch can veto legislation. Conversely, the judicial branch can rule laws unconstitutional, thereby enabling a dynamic interplay that ensures no single branch oversteps its bounds. This principle not only promotes accountability but also encourages cooperation and negotiation among the branches, leading to a more stable and equitable system of governance.

The other choices represent different governmental concepts that do not directly relate to the capability of branches to limit each other’s powers. Judicial Review refers specifically to the ability of courts to evaluate laws and their constitutionality. Federalism is the division of power between national and state governments. Separation of Powers describes the distribution of responsibilities among the branches but does not inherently include the interaction and limiting mechanisms established by Checks and Balances.