Which political party was formed in response to the issues facing farmers in the late 19th century?

The Populist Party, also known as the People's Party, was established in the late 19th century primarily to address the economic and political grievances of farmers who were facing significant challenges due to issues such as low crop prices, high levels of debt, and the monopolistic practices of railroads and grain elevator operators. This party emerged from the Farmers' Alliances and sought to unite various agricultural interests to advocate for reforms that would alleviate the struggles of rural communities.

The movement gained momentum as it addressed critical issues such as the demand for the regulation of railroads, the establishment of a graduated income tax, and the direct election of U.S. senators—demands that resonated with farmers who felt disenfranchised in the political system. The Populist Party's emphasis on grassroots activism and political engagement made it a powerful voice for rural citizens in a rapidly industrializing society.

In contrast, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party were more established political entities that did not specifically focus on the farmers’ issues of that time. The Whig Party was already defunct by the time the Populist Party formed, as it had dissolved in the 1850s due to internal divisions. This context highlights the Populist Party's unique role