Which type of map shows the shape of the land surface with detail, such as flat, rugged, or steep areas?

The type of map that shows the shape of the land surface, including details about its features such as flat, rugged, or steep areas, is the topographic map. Topographic maps utilize contour lines, symbols, and shading to represent terrain and elevation, effectively illustrating variations in landforms.

Relief maps, while they also depict the physical features of the landscape, generally provide a broader representation rather than the detailed elevation changes shown in topographic maps. Political maps focus on boundaries, territories, and political subdivisions rather than physical geography. Cadastral maps are designed for land ownership and property lines, lacking the geographic detail found in a topographic context. This distinction emphasizes the specific purpose and detail that topographic maps provide in understanding the contours and relief of the land.